聖誕新年文告
他是誰?
耶穌囉。
詳情請按此
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每逢聖誕新年生日之類,我都有點若有所失。
唔,過去的一年,做過些什麼呢?
(終於捱完一份長功課囉,還有一份短的,努力努力,火車快開~~~)
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日不落之聲聖誕新年播放
Track 1: Happy Xmas (War is Over) by John Lennon
'So this is Xmas, and what have you done? Another year over, and a new one just begun. And so this is Xmas, I hope you have fun - The near and the dear one, The old and the young.' [Full lyrics]
Track 2: New Year's Day by U2
'All is quiet on New Year's Day. A world in white gets underway. And I want to be with you, be with you night and day. Nothing changes on New Year's Day.' [Full lyrics]
Track 3: Natural Blues by Moby
'Oh lordy, my trouble so hard. Don't nobody know my troubles but God.' [Full lyrics]
Track 4: Into My Arms by Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds
'I don't believe in the existence of angels. But looking at you I wonder if that's true. But if I did I would summon them together, and ask them to watch over you. To each burn a candle for you, to make bright and clear your path. And to walk, like Christ, in grace and love, and guide you into my arms. Into my arms, oh lord.' [Full lyrics]
Track 5: Hallelujah by Jeff Buckley
'Hallelujah' [Full lyrics / About Jeff Buckley]
Track 6: Merry Christmas, Mr. Lawrence by Ryuichi Sakamoto(阪本龍一)
戰場上的快樂聖誕,一個淒美的聖誕
*所有歌曲七十二小時內刪除。
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文章分享
聖誕的記憶與反思
《明報》,二零零三年十二月廿一日,第D18頁
聖誕,無疑是全球最成功的一個節日品牌,但當渴望以追捧聖誕來顯示自己文明先進的熱情在中國泛起之時,批判全球化及關注多元文化的思潮,早已響起對聖誕的反思。
香 港人無疑有很多美妙的聖誕記憶。直至童年第一次開聖誕派對,穿得高貴去食聖誕大餐以前,我們仍未算真正的小紳士。是的,在香港成長步向國際的日子,慶祝 聖誕成為一個西化、文明、現代化的象徵。情?就如今天急趕要走向世界的中國,慶祝聖誕成為最時尚的生活追求,跟文明世界接軌,因而才產生了極端的以人民幣 9999 大元去大酒店吃聖誕大餐的現象。
聖誕節的意義不斷在變,在研究流行文化的角度,追溯它的真正源頭或本意變得毫無意思,我們轉而 要尋求的,是不同境遇不同時代中,慶祝聖誕的人究竟能從中取 得什麼自己的意義。今天中國先進城市及小資對聖誕的熱中,令人想起香港的六十年代。那反映了年青╱中產的力量(活力及消費力),對(西方)「美好」生活的 追求,與聖誕的氣氛、裝飾、神話一拍即合。
聖誕作為文明先進的象徵
一 切在聖誕節中出現的都是美好的:溫馨的禮物、親朋的笑臉、浪漫的布置、聖誕樹的亮燈、悠揚的音樂、紳士與淑女的舞會。我還記得孩提時每逢聖誕一家人到中 環看燈飾及吃聖誕大餐的晚上,這些,都是六十年代以來香港人的共同成長記憶。聖誕樹上的燈火,就是點燃香港人要辛勞上進做世界一級市民的原動力,當一級就 等於西化,西化就等於要慶祝聖誕。
說到這?,由慶祝聖誕到反思聖誕,我們走了一條成長路,也是開啟獨立思考的一小步。隨著多元文化及政治正確的思潮普及,聖誕開始被不同地區的人質疑。雖不至反對別人慶祝它,但至少再沒有過往般理所當然。
反殖民帝國文化侵略
反 聖誕浪潮,首先衝著基督教與帝國主義侵略的歷史來。第三世界弱勢文化,例如非洲及中東諸國持保存地道文化的論者,會認為聖誕是伴隨帝國主義而來文化侵 略。畢竟殖民主義的興起,跟中世紀歐洲航海事業興起後,歐洲諸國以傳揚基督教義為部分藉口,實行擴張殖民的歷史有關。宣揚宗教為歐洲殖民者掠奪他國財寶、 開拓資源作出了有效的道德理據。近似的論據及後在美國開發美洲大陸屠殺原住民時重複應用。如果耶穌基督是來拯救世人的話,為甚麼他的使者會先滅絕那麼多 人?
反過度商業化
反 對聖誕的商業化,則是從一種對資本主義的批判出發。反對的人未必反對聖誕作為一個宗教節日,而是抨擊此節慶已過於商業化、娛樂化,就像一個年尾促銷的品 牌。事實上,聖誕是至今最成功的節日,它可說有自己的企業 logo (綠色樹紅色裝飾)、有它的代言人(無論是耶穌還是聖誕老人)、主題曲、購物消費派對配套。聖誕本身就是一門生意。
用法蘭克福派批判理論的角度,聖誕節是商家炮製虛假的歡樂並以消費形式推銷給大眾。節日只淪為資本家進一步剝削市民的玩意,為預備更辛勤工作的小息。聖誕節的節目也變得統一化、全球化,就如我們的品味與選擇也同樣統一化。
反聖誕普世化
我 在美國讀書的日子,正值政治正確論述高漲。身在左翼進步學府,風氣是在聖誕節不要隨便對人講 Merry Christmas,原因是對非基督徒來說會構成滋擾云云。在香港長大、曾極力西化的我,當然會視此為一個文化震撼,當我以往覺得那是天經地義,卻發現如 今在一個西方國家反而對一句西方祝頌這樣敏感。當然,當你倒轉來想就明白箇中的確有問題:假若是在佛誕,你跟美國人說佛誕快樂,對方會以為你神經病。西方 人認為聖誕才是理所當然普天同慶,當中已隱含一種西方價值的正統化。
於是,自六十年代,非基督教徒美國黑人就率先提出在十二月廿六日開始 一周慶祝 Kwanzaa,以抗衡聖誕節的說法,以示聖誕節不是「普世」的活動。 Kwanzaa是一個供黑人思考非洲族裔根源的節慶,但至今不甚流行,亦非美國的假期。黑人不過想出一個妥協的方法:在放假與慶祝的呼聲中,又不至墮入基 督教的圈套。
反白種優越
對 於相信基督的黑人來說,他們仍有自己一套抗爭策略。這就是強調耶穌的黑人身分。事實上黑裔耶穌從來都是一個黑白種文化抗爭的焦點。黑人當然可選擇完全不 接受耶穌(如 Malcolm X 強調非裔應返祖相信回教),但若相信的話,他們也希望耶穌是更似他們外表的神子。歷史上,聖經的故事及人物被歐洲引為正典後,就經歷不同層次的白化。批評 者卻認為耶穌來自中東,而且經常在曠野出沒,皮膚應該是較黑的。同樣,我們現在常幻想的白色聖誕,也是一種歐洲人的想像(歐洲冬天下雪)而非耶穌出生時的 天氣狀態。
這種把耶穌或聖母瑪莉亞黑人化的轉型,其實在黑人文化及南美宗教文化中都由來已久。歐洲帝國主義強制殖民時代的南美原居民改信 天主教,土著唯有把天主教的 符號結合自己的巫術或地方神話,發展出一種較可接受的宗教及神祇,也是一種妥協的結果。如果你今天到南美的小村落教堂探訪的話,你仍會看到非常不傳統(如 皮膚黑棗、造型具南美山區民族風味,甚至更妖魅的造型)的耶穌石像。你不用驚訝,那是因為這是一個傳統「真理」得不斷修改、反思的時代。
反耶穌是白種男人
最後,文化抗爭可以硬邦邦來對著幹,亦可嬉笑怒罵以玩
笑去顛覆。關於耶穌種族或膚色為何,近年就時興如下笑話:
有三項證據顯示,耶穌其實是黑人:
第一,他見人就稱呼對方為 brother (即弟兄,也是黑人文化中的普羅稱謂);第二,他喜愛福音( Gospel ,也指福音音樂);第三,他沒有得到公平的審判。
題外話,再送一個笑話。三項證據顯示,耶穌其實是女人:
第一,在極短時間通知的情?下,就算明知唔夠食物,他被要求去餵飽一大班人;第二,他窮畢生之力向一群男人講他所相信的,而他們總不理會;第三,就算死了,他仍要翻生,因為有太多事等著他去辦。
今 個聖誕,如果大家真想到,作為非教徒不要再人云亦云說「 Merry Christmas!」的話,美國政治正確派教我們說「 Happy Holidays !」譯過來叫「放假快樂」比較怪,不如就像我們當年發明的對應一樣:「嘩!哈哈!」———像聖誕老人無聊的招呼,給大家打發過去。
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最後,無論是否聖誕或新年,希望各位每天都快快樂樂,身體健康,萬事勝意,財源廣進……
咦,農曆新年麼?
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